Do Men Also Have a Biological Clock That Ticks?

When we talk about a biological clock, it usually brings to mind the pressure many women feel as they approach their 30s, given the frequent warnings about declining fertility. 

However, less discussed but equally important is the concept of a male biological clock. Just like women, men too face changes in fertility as they age, though the signs are not as prominently marked by nature as menopause in women.

How male fertility decline

Unlike women, men don’t experience a clear-cut end to fertility like menopause. However, this doesn’t mean their fertility remains unchanged throughout life. Research suggests that while men continue to produce sperm indefinitely, the quality of sperm begins to decline gradually after the age of 35.

This decline becomes more significant as they approach 40. The Centre for Disease Control (CDC) highlights that the average male fertility rate drops after 35, with a sharper decrease observed after 40.

Changes in sperm quality with age

As men age, several important aspects of sperm quality start to diminish, which can affect the ability to conceive and the health of potential offspring. Key factors such as sperm motility (the ability of sperm to move effectively), morphology (the shape and structure of sperm), and sperm count all decline with age. 

This deterioration can lead to increased difficulties in conceiving and a higher risk of miscarriage and birth complications in partners of older men.

Its impact on conception and pregnancy

The effects of aged sperm are not limited to fertility rates alone. Older paternal age is linked to a higher risk of pregnancy loss, with studies noting that miscarriages are 27% more likely when the father is over 35, and the risk doubles once the father reaches 50. 

Additionally, pregnancies involving men older than 45 see increased chances of birth complications and negative outcomes for the child, such as developmental disorders.

The good news is that lifestyle choices can play a significant role in maintaining sperm health. Healthy eating, regular exercise, avoiding smoking, and limiting alcohol consumption are all beneficial practices. 

These habits can help mitigate some of the natural declines in sperm quality due to age, improving a man’s chances of fathering a healthy child later in life.